Your Guide To LCD Television

Your Guide To LCD Television

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Technology beneath LCD TV (Twisted Nematic, In-plane Switching, MVA/PVA)

One item that manufacturers don’t usually make a big deal about happens to be the aspect of any display that seems to matter most – LCD panel technology. There are three main categories of panel technology: TN (twisted nematic), MVA/PVA (multi-domain vertical alignment/patterned vertical alignment), and IPS (in-plane switching). Opinions about which technology is actually best differ somewhat, but there’s no denying the fact that TN is substantially cheaper to produce whereas PVA and IPS are more expensive. These days, the vast majority of LCD are once again using TN LCD panels, largely because of the pricing advantage. If you want a higher quality panel using MVA, PVA, or IPS you will need to be prepared to pay anywhere from 50% to 300% more, depending on overall quality.
Panasonic IPS-Alpha LCD Panel Technology

Panasonic IPS-Alpha LCD Panel Technology

A quick overview of the panel technologies

Viewing angles on TN are substantially worse, particularly vertical viewing angles, and all TN LCD panels are natively 6-bit panels that use dithering to approximate 8-bit color. Most people won’t notice the difference in color accuracy, but imaging professionals would definitely prefer something better. The advantage of TN panels is that input lag is not a problem. Response times are usually lower on paper, but again it’s difficult to actually see the difference between a 2ms panel and a 6ms panel, especially when the display refreshes every 17ms (60 Hz refresh rate).


PVA and IPS are basically the exact opposite of TN: great viewing angles, very good color reproduction, and true 8-bit colors. However, pixel response times are a little lower (it’s not something that has ever bothered us). The big problem on the S-PVA panels are input lag, ranging from as low as 20ms up to nearly 50ms. However, S-IPS panels (example of S-IPS brand LCD TV is Panasonic Viera) don’t seem to have a problem with input lag.

Viewing Angle Comparison Chart Released By Sharp

Viewing Angle Comparison Chart Released By Sharp

A less common panel type is MVA, which in practice is similar to PVA but seems to perform better in regards to input lag. Color quality and other aspects are also good, but pricing and availability is a concern.

Frequently, the choice will come down to getting something larger with a cheaper TN panel versus getting a smaller LCD with a PVA/IPS panel. Even among the same panel technology, however, there are wide variations in quality. Most LCD panels are manufactured by one of only a few companies (Taiwan Chung Hwa Picture Tubes, Chi Mei Optoelectronics), but similar to processors these panels are “binned” based on quality. Bottom line, you get what you pay for! If you’re wondering why LCD A seems to have the same specifications as LCD B but costs significantly less, it’s very likely that the panel doesn’t meet the same quality standards. Color uniformity is one of the big differences between various LCD panels, with the best panels often ending up in displays that cost twice as much as LCDs that are otherwise equal in terms of specs.

10 Responses to “Technology beneath LCD TV (Twisted Nematic, In-plane Switching, MVA/PVA)”

  1. 1
    Formosa Daily » Technology beneath LCD TV (Twisted Nematic, In-plane Switching, MVA/PVA):

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  2. 2
    Technology beneath LCD TV (Twisted Nematic, In-plane Switching …:

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  3. 3
    Heartburn Home Remedy:

    This topic is quite trendy in the net at the moment. What do you pay the most attention to while choosing what to write ?

  4. 4
    admin:

    Hi Heartburn Home Remedy,
    It would depend on what I think reader would like to know! There are many hidden information on LCD TV and I think all potential LCD TV buyers would like to find it out, before they spend the money for particular brand of LCD TV.

    Hopefully this LCD TV Blog helpful to everyone.

  5. 5
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    Gregory Despainda:

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  8. 8
    Colton Czech:

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  9. 9
    Carroll B. Merriman:

    That’s true, but I must point out that a 60 lcd tv is easy to setup and well valued for the rich experience. I did some research and I’m going to get one for sure. Just my 2 cents.

  10. 10
    Jerry D. Slots:

    A well written post. I’m an online gamer and I’m always looking for news like this.

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